6,022 research outputs found
Evidences of evanescent Bloch waves in Phononic Crystals
We show both experimentally and theoretically the evanescent behaviour of
modes in the Band Gap (BG) of finite Phononic Crystal (PC). Based on
experimental and numerical data we obtain the imaginary part of the wave vector
in good agreement with the complex band structures obtained by the Extended
Plane Wave Expansion (EPWE). The calculated and measured acoustic field of a
localized mode out of the point defect inside the PC presents also evanescent
behaviour. The correct understanding of evanescent modes is fundamental for
designing narrow filters and wave guides based on Phononic Crystals with
defects.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure
Limits of flexural wave absorption by open lossy resonators: reflection and transmission problems
The limits of flexural wave absorption by open lossy resonators are
analytically and numerically reported in this work for both the reflection and
transmission problems. An experimental validation for the reflection problem is
presented. The reflection and transmission of flexural waves in 1D resonant
thin beams are analyzed by means of the transfer matrix method. The hypotheses,
on which the analytical model relies, are validated by experimental results.
The open lossy resonator, consisting of a finite length beam thinner than the
main beam, presents both energy leakage due to the aperture of the resonators
to the main beam and inherent losses due to the viscoelastic damping. Wave
absorption is found to be limited by the balance between the energy leakage and
the inherent losses of the open lossy resonator. The perfect compensation of
these two elements is known as the critical coupling condition and can be
easily tuned by the geometry of the resonator. On the one hand, the scattering
in the reflection problem is represented by the reflection coefficient. A
single symmetry of the resonance is used to obtain the critical coupling
condition. Therefore the perfect absorption can be obtained in this case. On
the other hand, the transmission problem is represented by two eigenvalues of
the scattering matrix, representing the symmetric and anti-symmetric parts of
the full scattering problem. In the geometry analyzed in this work, only one
kind of symmetry can be critically coupled, and therefore, the maximal
absorption in the transmission problem is limited to 0.5. The results shown in
this work pave the way to the design of resonators for efficient flexural wave
absorption
More than a magazine: exploring the links between lads’ mags, rape myth acceptance and rape proclivity
Exposure to some magazines aimed at young male readers – lads’ mags – has recently been associated with behaviors and attitudes that are derogatory towards women, including sexual violence. In the present study, a group of Spanish adult men were exposed to the covers of a lads’ mag while a second group was exposed to the covers of a neutral magazine. Results showed that, compared to participants in the second group, participants who were exposed to covers of lads’ mags who also showed high rape myth acceptance (RMA) and legitimized the consumption of such magazines reported higher rape proclivity in a hypothetical situation. These findings suggest the need to further explore the possible detrimental effects of some sexualized media that are widely accepted in many Western countries
Evanescent modes in Sonic Crystals: Complex relation dispersion and supercell approximation
Evanescent modes in complete sonic crystals (SC) and SC with point defects
are reported both theoretically and experimentally in this paper. Plane wave
expansion (PWE) and, in general, methods have been used to
calculate band structures showing gaps that have been interpreted as ranges of
frequencies where no real exists. In this work, we extend PWE to solve the
complex problem applied to SC, introducing the supercell
approximation for studying one vacancy. Explicit matrix formulation of the
equations is given. This method enables the calculation of complex
band structures, as well as enabling an analysis of the propagating modes
related with real values of the function , and the evanescent modes
related with imaginary values of . This paper shows theoretical
results and experimental evidences of the evanescent behavior of modes inside
the SC band gap. Experimental data and numerical results using the finite
elements method are in very good agreement with the predictions obtained using
the method.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figure
Stealth Acoustic Materials
[EN] We report the experimental design of a one-dimensional stealth acoustic material, namely a material that suppresses the acoustic scattering for a given set of incident wave vectors. The material consists of multiple scatterers, rigid diaphragms, located in an air-filled acoustic waveguide. The position of the scatterers has been chosen such that in the Born approximation a suppression of the scattering for a broad range of frequencies is achieved and thus a broadband transparency. Experimental results are found in excellent agreement with the theory despite the presence of losses and the finite size of the material, features that are not captured in the theory. This robustness as well as the generality of the results motivates realistic potential applications for the design of transparent materials in acoustics and other fields of wave physics.This work has been funded by RFI Le Mans Acoustique (Region Pays de la Loire) in the framework of the APA-MAS project, by the project HYPERMETA funded under the program Etoiles Montantes of the Region Pays de la Loire as well as by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) and European Union FEDER through project FIS2015-65998-C2-2-P. V. Romero-Garcia and L. M. Garcia-Raffi acknowledge the short-term scientific mission (STSM) funded by the COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action DENORMS - CA15125.Romero-GarcĂa, V.; Lamothe, N.; Theocharis, G.; Richoux, O.; GarcĂa-Raffi, LM. (2019). Stealth Acoustic Materials. Physical Review Applied. 11(5):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.11.054076S19115Shen, C., Xu, J., Fang, N. X., & Jing, Y. (2014). 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